Toward Synthetic Vascular Graft Monitoring Using a Flip-Chip-on-Flex Impedance Spectroscopy Sensor

Synthetic vascular grafts are used in a wide range of clinical applications. However, they can become prone to occlusion over time, due the growth smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This phenomenon is associated with graft failure. Here, we describe novel techniques for packaging and integration miniature sensor VSMC growth. The was based on microfabricated array interdigitated platinum electrodes silicon substrate. It assembled using flip-chip-on-flex (FCOF) technology create low-profile package that be manufactured industry-standard tools suitable synthetic graft. packaged responded changes solution impedance accurately detected vitro. We also demonstrated successful proof-of-concept custom Together these technologies have potential allow early detection prior occlusion, enabling more timely effective interventions made.